-- Business Cycles: Prosperity comes and goes. Individuals may lose their
jobs or have to retrain and organizations may have to re-engineer. (eg. Decline
in air travel has made it necessary for airlines to lay-off thousands.)

-- Diversity: Many employees are now female or from another nation.
(eg. Arizona construction companies hire Spanish speaking managers since
so many employees speak less than perfect English.)

-- Global Business: Removal of trade barriers has made it necessary for
many American businesses to ship assembly jobs overseas where labor costs
are low. (eg. Fords are now assembled in Mexico.)

-- Management Style: Many older managers learned leadership in the
military where subordinates must immediately obey orders, chain of
command is supreme and tact is unnecessary. (eg. Functional organization
design makes it necessary for employees of all levels to learn and use
leadership and interpersonal skills as a way to continuously improve.)

-- Product Life Cycles: One of the most fundamental economic principles is
that there is no long-term profit in the sale of any static product or service.
(eg. Even MacDonalds finally had a losing quarter.)

-- Technology: Development of new technologies may make older ways of
doing business, and old skills, obsolete making it necessary learn new
processes and skills. (eg. Development of cell phones has made it very difficult
for traditional telephone companies to earn a profit.)
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